PUBLICATIONS

PFAS@Mines Initiative

Human Exposure

2024

Hoxie, T.; Zhang, S.; Herkert, N.; Bauer, R.; Guo, Y.; Bhattacharya, A.; Carignan, C.; Hoffman, K.; Higgins, C. P.; Stapleton, H. Silicone Wristbands as a Personal Passive Sampler to Evaluate Indoor Exposure to Volatile and Non-Volatile PFASs. In Press. Environ. Sci. Technol. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c05707.

Mackie, R.; Hawker, D.; Ghorbani Gorji, S.; Booij, K.; Qu, X.; Bowles, K.; Shea, S.; Higgins, C. P.; Kaserzon, S. Application of a Microporous Polyethylene Tube Passive Sampler for Monitoring Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Wastewater Influent and Effluent. ACS ES&T Water 2024, 4(5): 2281-2291. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.4c00125.

Langberg, H. A.; Breedveld, G. D.; Kallenborn, R.; Ali, A. M.; Choyke, S.; McDonough, C. A.; Higgins, C. P.; Jenssen, B. M.; Jartun, M.; Allan, I.; Hamers, T.; Hale, S. E. Human Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) via the Consumption of Fish Leads to Exceedance of Safety Thresholds. Environment International 2024, 190, 108844. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2024.108844.

2023

Carignan, C. C.; Bauer, R. A.; Patterson, A.; Phomsopha, T.; Redman, E.; Stapleton, H. M.; Higgins, C. P. Self-Collection Blood Test for PFASs: Comparing Volumetric Microsamplers with a Traditional Serum Approach. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2023, 57 (21), 7950-7957. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c09852.

Wallis, D. J.; Barton, K. E.; Knappe, D. R. U.; Kotlarz, N.; McDonough, C. A.; Higgins, C. P.; Hoppin, J. A.; Adgate, J. L. Source Apportionment of Serum PFASs in Two Highly Exposed Communities. Science of The Total Environment 2023, 855, 158842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158842.

2022

Barton, K. E.; Zell-Baran, L. M.; DeWitt, J. C.; Brindley, S.; McDonough, C. A.; Higgins, C. P.; Adgate, J. L.; Starling, A. P. Cross-Sectional Associations between Serum PFASs and Inflammatory Biomarkers in a Population Exposed to AFFF-Contaminated Drinking Water. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2022, 240, 113905. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113905.

2021

Narizzano, A. M.; Bohannon, M. E.; East, A. G.; McDonough, C.; Choyke, S.; Higgins, C. P.; Quinn, M. J. Patterns in Serum Toxicokinetics in Peromyscus Exposed to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021, 40 (10), 2886–2898. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5151.

Bradley, P. M.; Padilla, I. Y.; Romanok, K. M.; Smalling, K. L.; Focazio, M. J.; Breitmeyer, S. E.; Cardon, M. C.; Conley, J. M.; Evans, N.; Givens, C. E.; Gray, J. L.; Gray, L. E.; Hartig, P. C.; Higgins, C. P.; Hladik, M. L.; Iwanowicz, L. R.; Lane, R. F.; Loftin, K. A.; McCleskey, R. B.; McDonough, C. A.; Medlock-Kakaley, E.; Meppelink, S.; Weis, C. P.; Wilson, V. S. Pilot-Scale Expanded Assessment of Inorganic and Organic Tapwater Exposures and Predicted Effects in Puerto Rico, USA. Science of The Total Environment 2021, 788, 147721. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147721.

Bradley, P. M.; LeBlanc, D. R.; Romanok, K. M.; Smalling, K. L.; Focazio, M. J.; Cardon, M. C.; Clark, J. M.; Conley, J. M.; Evans, N.; Givens, C. E.; Gray, J. L.; Earl Gray, L.; Hartig, P. C.; Higgins, C. P.; Hladik, M. L.; Iwanowicz, L. R.; Loftin, K. A.; Blaine McCleskey, R.; McDonough, C. A.; Medlock-Kakaley, E. K.; Weis, C. P.; Wilson, V. S. Public and Private Tapwater: Comparative Analysis of Contaminant Exposure and Potential Risk, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA. Environment International 2021, 152, 106487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106487.

McDonough, C. A.; Choyke, S.; Barton, K. E.; Mass, S.; Starling, A. P.; Adgate, J. L.; Higgins, C. P. Unsaturated PFOS and Other PFASs in Human Serum and Drinking Water from an AFFF-Impacted Community. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2021, 55 (12), 8139–8148. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c00522.

2020

Brown, J. B.; Conder, J. M.; Arblaster, J. A.; Higgins, C. P. Assessing Human Health Risks from Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance (PFAS)-Impacted Vegetable Consumption: A Tiered Modeling Approach. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2020, 54 (23), 15202–15214. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c03411.

Bradley, P. M.; Argos, M.; Kolpin, D. W.; Meppelink, S. M.; Romanok, K. M.; Smalling, K. L.; Focazio, M. J.; Allen, J. M.; Dietze, J. E.; Devito, M. J.; Donovan, A. R.; Evans, N.; Givens, C. E.; Gray, J. L.; Higgins, C. P.; Hladik, M. L.; Iwanowicz, L. R.; Journey, C. A.; Lane, R. F.; Laughrey, Z. R.; Loftin, K. A.; McCleskey, R. B.; McDonough, C. A.; Medlock-Kakaley, E.; Meyer, M. T.; Putz, A. R.; Richardson, S. D.; Stark, A. E.; Weis, C. P.; Wilson, V. S.; Zehraoui, A. Mixed Organic and Inorganic Tapwater Exposures and Potential Effects in Greater Chicago Area, USA. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 719, 137236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137236.

Barton, K. E.; Starling, A. P.; Higgins, C. P.; McDonough, C. A.; Calafat, A. M.; Adgate, J. L. Sociodemographic and Behavioral Determinants of Serum Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in a Community Highly Exposed to Aqueous Film-Forming Foam Contaminants in Drinking Water. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health 2020, 223 (1), 256–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.07.012.

2018

Bradley, P. M.; Kolpin, D. W.; Romanok, K. M.; Smalling, K. L.; Focazio, M. J.; Brown, J. B.; Cardon, M. C.; Carpenter, K. D.; Corsi, S. R.; DeCicco, L. A.; Dietze, J. E.; Evans, N.; Furlong, E. T.; Givens, C. E.; Gray, J. L.; Griffin, D. W.; Higgins, C. P.; Hladik, M. L.; Iwanowicz, L. R.; Journey, C. A.; Kuivila, K. M.; Masoner, J. R.; McDonough, C. A.; Meyer, M. T.; Orlando, J. L.; Strynar, M. J.; Weis, C. P.; Wilson, V. S. Reconnaissance of Mixed Organic and Inorganic Chemicals in Private and Public Supply Tapwaters at Selected Residential and Workplace Sites in the United States. Environ Sci Technol 2018, 52 (23), 13972-13985. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b04622.

McLachlan, M. S.; Undeman, E.; Zhao, F.; MacLeod, M. Predicting Global Scale Exposure of Humans to PCB 153 from Historical Emissions. Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts 2018, 20 (5), 747–756. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8EM00023A.

2017

Siebenaler, R.; Cameron, R.; Butt, C. M.; Hoffman, K.; Higgins, C. P.; Stapleton, H. M. Serum Perfluoroalkyl Acids (PFAAs) and Associations with Behavioral Attributes. Chemosphere 2017, 184, 687–693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.023.

2016

Hu, X. C.; Andrews, D. Q.; Lindstrom, A. B.; Bruton, T. A.; Schaider, L. A.; Grandjean, P.; Lohmann, R.; Carignan, C. C.; Blum, A.; Balan, S. A.; Higgins, C. P.; Sunderland, E. M. Detection of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in U.S. Drinking Water Linked to Industrial Sites, Military Fire Training Areas, and Wastewater Treatment Plants. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. 2016, 3 (10), 344–350. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.6b00260.

2014

Blaine, A. C.; Rich, C. D.; Sedlacko, E. M.; Hyland, K. C.; Stushnoff, C.; Dickenson, E. R. V; Higgins, C. P. Perfluoroalkyl Acid Uptake in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) Irrigated with Reclaimed Water. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2014, 48 (24): 14361- 14368. https://doi.org/10.1021/es504150h.

Blaine, A. C.; Rich, C. D.; Sedlacko, E. M.; Hundal. L. S.; Kumar, K.; Lau, C.; Mills. M. A.; Harris, K. M.; Higgins, C. P. Perfluoroalkyl Acid Distribution in Various Plant Compartments of Edible Crops Grown in Biosolids-Amended Soils. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2014, 48(14): 7858-7865. https://doi.org/10.1021/es500016s.

Appleman, T.; Higgins, C. P.; Quiñones, O.; Zeigler, J.; Vanderford, B.; Kolstad, C.; Dickenson, E. R. V. Treatment of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Drinking Water. Water Research 2014, 51:246-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2013.10.067.

ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR

2024

Peter, K. T.; Gilbreath, A.; Gonzalez, M.; Tian, Z.; Wong, A.; Yee, D.; Miller, E. L.; Avellaneda, P.; Chen, D.; Patterson, A.; Fitzgerald, N.; Higgins, C. P.; Kolodziej, E. P.; Sutton, R. Storms Mobilize Organophosphate Esters, Bisphenols, PFASs, and Vehicle-derived Contaminants to San Francisco Bay Watersheds. In Press. Environmental Science: Processes and Impacts. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39291694/

Dixit, F.; Antell, E. H.; Faber, K. A.; Zhang, C.; Pannu, M. W.; Plumlee, M. H.; Van Buren, J.; Doroshow, A.; Pomerantz, W. C. K.; Arnold, W. A.; Higgins, C. P.; Peaslee, G. F.; Alvarez-Cohen, L.; Sedlak, D. L.; Ateia, M. Closing PFAS Analytical Gaps: Inter-Method Evaluation of Total Organofluorine Techniques for AFFF-Impacted Water. In Press. Journal of Hazardous Materials Letters. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100122.

Wang, K.; Xiao, X.; Liu, Z.; Wang, J.; Zhu, X.; Wu, E.; Higgins, C. P.; Chen, B. Nontarget Discovery of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Sulfonyl Halides in Soils by Integration of Derivatization and Specific Fragment-Based Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry Screening. In Press. Environ. Sci. Technol. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c01610.

Kabiri, S.; Tavakkoli, E.; Navarro, D. A.; Degryse, F.; Grimison, C.; Higgins, C. P.; Mueller. J. F.; Kookana, R. A.; McLaughlin, M. J. The Complex Effect of Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) on Per- and Poly-fluoroalkyl Substances Desorption from the Soil: Considering Alkaline Conditions and Type. In Press. Environmental Pollution, 124234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124234.

Bigler, M.; Brusseau, M.; Guo, B.; Jones, S.; Pritchard, J. C.; Higgins, C. P.; Hatton, J. High-Resolution Depth-Discrete Analysis of PFAS Distribution and Leaching for a Vadose-Zone Source at an AFFF-Impacted Site. In Press. Environ. Sci. Technol. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c01615.

Schaefer, C. E.; Nguyen, D.; Fang, Y.; Gonda, N.; Zhang, C.; Shea, S.; Higgins, C. P. PFAS Porewater Concentrations in Unsaturated Soil: Field and Laboratory Comparisons Inform on PFAS Accumulation at Air-Water Interface. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 2024, 264: 104359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104359.

Bowles, K. C.; Anderson, J. K.; Anderson, R. H.; Bani, B.; Barnes, C. M.; Brusseau, M.; Cousins, I. T.; Cushing, P.; DiGuiseppi, B.; Gray, B.; Higgins, C. P.; Mueller, J.; Ross, I.; Thomas, S.; Thrasher, J.; Tremblay, C. Implications of Grouping Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances for Contaminated Site Regulation. Remediation 2024, 34(3). https://doi.org/10.1002/rem.21783.

Cook, E.; Olivares, C.; Antell, E.; Tsou, K.; Kim, T-K.; Cuthbertson, A.; Higgins, C. P.; Sedlak, D.; Alvarez-Cohen, L. Sulfonamide Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Can Impact Microorganisms Used in Aromatic Hydrocarbon and Trichloroethene Bioremediation. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2024, 58(20): 8792-8802. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c09715.

Hawkins, K. M.; Pritchard, J. C.; Struck, S.; Cho, Y. M.; Luthy, R. G.; Higgins, C. P. Controlling Saturation to Improve Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance (PFAS) Removal in Biochar-Amended Stormwater Bioretention Systems. Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology 2024, 10:1233-1244. https://doi.org/10.1039/D3EW00767G.

Ghorbani Gorji, S.; Gomez Ramos, M. J.; Dewapriya, P.; Schulze, B.; Mackie, R.; Nguyen, H. T. M.; Higgins, C. P.; Bowles, K.; Mueller, J.; Thomas, K.; Kaserzon, S. New PFASs Identified in AFFF Impacted Groundwater by Passive Sampling and Non-Target Analysis. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2024, 58(3): 1690-1699. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.3c06591

2023

Langberg, H. A.; Choyke, S.; Hale, S. E.; Koekkoek, J.; Cenijn, P. H.; Lamoree, M. H.; Rundberget, T.; Jartun, M.; Breedveld, G. D.; Jenssen, B. M.; Higgins, C. P.; Hamers, T. Effect-Directed Analysis Based on Transthyretin Binding Activity of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in a Contaminated Sediment Extract. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 2023, 43(2): 245-258. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5777.

Kabiri, S.; Navarro, D. A.; Hamad, S. A.; Grimison, C.; Higgins, C. P.; Mueller, J. F.; Kookana, R. S.; McLaughlin, M. J. Physical and Chemical Properties of Carbon-Based Sorbents that Affect the Removal of Per-and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances from Solution and Soil. Science of The Total Environment 2023, 875, 162653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162653.

Gonda, N.; Choyke, S.; Schaefer, C. E.; Higgins, C. P.; Voelker, B. Hydroxyl Radical Transformations of Perfluoroalkyl Acid (PFAA) Precursors in Aqueous Film Forming Foams (AFFFs). Environ. Sci. Technol. 2023, 57(21): 8053–8064. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c08689.

Stults, J. F.; Higgins, C. P.; Helbling, D. E. Integration of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance (PFAS) Fingerprints in Fish with Machine Learning for PFAS Source Tracking in Surface Water. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. 2023, 10 (11), 1052–1058. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.3c00278.

Stults, J. F.; Choi, Y. J.; Rockwell, C.; Schaefer, C. E.; Nguyen, D. D.; Knappe, D. R. U.; Illangasekare, T. H.; Higgins, C. P. Predicting Concentration- and Ionic-Strength-Dependent Air–Water Interfacial Partitioning Parameters of PFASs Using Quantitative Structure–Property Relationships (QSPRs). Environ. Sci. Technol. 2023, 57 (13), 5203–5215. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c07316.

Meeks, J.; Mass, S.; Adgate, J. L.; Barton, K.; Singha, K.; McCray, J. E.; Starling, A. P.; Higgins, C. P. Estimating Historical Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Acids in Security, Fountain, and Widefield Colorado: Use of Water-Infrastructure Blending and Toxicokinetic Models. Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 2023, 25 (5), 996-1006. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2EM00337F.

Schaefer, C. E.; Lavorgna, G. M.; Lippincott, D. R.; Nguyen, D.; Schaum, A.; Higgins, C. P.; Field, J. Leaching of Perfluoroalkyl Acids during Unsaturated Zone Flushing at a Field Site Impacted with Aqueous Film Forming Foam. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2023, 57 (5), 1940-1948. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c06903.

Nickerson, A.; Maizel, A.; Schaefer, C.; Ranville, J.; Higgins, C. P. Effect of Geochemical Conditions on PFAS Release from AFFF-Impacted Saturated Soil Columns. Environmental Science Processes & Impacts 2023, 25. https://doi.org/10.1039/d2em00367h.

2022

Silva, J. A. K.; Guelfo, J. L.; Šimůnek, J.; McCray, J. E. Simulated Leaching of PFAS from Land-Applied Municipal Biosolids at Agricultural Sites. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 2022, 251, 104089. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2022.104089.

Vatankhah, H.; Tajdini, B.; Milstead, R. P.; Clevenger, E.; Murray, C.; Knappe, D.; Remucal, C. K.; Bellona, C. Impact of Ozone-Biologically Active Filtration on the Breakthrough of Perfluoroalkyl Acids during Granular Activated Carbon Treatment of Municipal Wastewater Effluent. Water Research 2022, 223, 118988. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118988.

Nguyen, T. M. H.; Bräunig, J.; Kookana, R. S.; Kaserzon, S. L.; Knight, E. R.; Vo, H. N. P.; Kabiri, S.; Navarro, D. A.; Grimison, C.; Riddell, N.; Higgins, C. P.; McLaughlin, M. J.; Mueller, J. F. Assessment of Mobilization Potential of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances for Soil Remediation. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2022, 56 (14), 10030–10041. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c00401.

Schaefer, C. E.; Lavorgna, G. M.; Lippincott, D. R.; Nguyen, D.; Christie, E.; Shea, S.; O’Hare, S.; Lemes, M. C. S.; Higgins, C. P.; Field, J. A Field Study to Assess the Role of Air-Water Interfacial Sorption on PFAS Leaching in an AFFF Source Area. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 2022, 248, 104001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2022.104001.

Silva, J. A. K.; Šimůnek, J.; McCray, J. E. Comparison of Methods to Estimate Air-Water Interfacial Areas for Evaluating PFAS Transport in the Vadose Zone. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 2022, 247, 103984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2022.103984.

Kabiri, S.; Tucker, W.; Navarro, D. A.; Bräunig, J.; Thompson, K.; Knight, E. R.; Nguyen, T. M. H.; Grimison, C.; Barnes, C. M.; Higgins, C. P.; Mueller, J. F.; Kookana, R. S.; McLaughlin, M. J. Comparing the Leaching Behavior of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances from Contaminated Soils Using Static and Column Leaching Tests. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2022, 56 (1), 368–378. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c06604.

Schaefer, C. E.; Nguyen, D.; Christie, E.; Shea, S.; Higgins, C. P.; Field, J. Desorption Isotherms for Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Soil Collected from an Aqueous Film-Forming Foam Source Area. Journal of Environmental Engineering 2022, 148 (1), 04021074. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0001952.

Portmann, A. C.; LeFevre, G. H.; Hankawa, R.; Werner, D.; Higgins, C. P. The Regenerative Role of Biofilm in the Removal of Pesticides from Stormwater in Biochar-Amended Biofilters. Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol. 2022, 8 (5), 1092–1110. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1EW00870F.

Mifkovic, M.; Van Hoomissen, D. J.; Vyas, S. Conformational Distributions of Helical Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Impacts on Stability. Journal of Computational Chemistry 2022, 43 (24), 1656–1661. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcc.26967.

2021

Nickerson, A.; Maizel, A. C.; Olivares, C. I.; Schaefer, C. E.; Higgins, C. P. Simulating Impacts of Biosparging on Release and Transformation of Poly- and Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances from Aqueous Film-Forming Foam-Impacted Soil. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2021, 55 (23), 15744–15753. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c03448.

Boyer, T. H.; Ellis, A.; Fang, Y.; Schaefer, C. E.; Higgins, C. P.; Strathmann, T. J. Life Cycle Environmental Impacts of Regeneration Options for Anion Exchange Resin Remediation of PFAS Impacted Water. Water Research 2021, 207, 117798. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2021.117798.

Maizel, A. C.; Shea, S.; Nickerson, A.; Schaefer, C.; Higgins, C. P. Release of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances from Aqueous Film-Forming Foam Impacted Soils. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2021, 55 (21), 14617–14627. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c02871.

Schaefer, C. E.; Drennan, D.; Nickerson, A.; Maizel, A.; Higgins, C. P. Diffusion of Perfluoroalkyl Acids through Clay-Rich Soil. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 2021, 241, 103814. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103814.

Sharifan, H.; Bagheri, M.; Wang, D.; Burken, J. G.; Higgins, C. P.; Liang, Y.; Liu, J.; Schaefer, C. E.; Blotevogel, J. Fate and Transport of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in the Vadose Zone. Science of The Total Environment 2021, 771, 145427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145427.

Charbonnet, J. A.; Rodowa, A. E.; Joseph, N. T.; Guelfo, J. L.; Field, J. A.; Jones, G. D.; Higgins, C. P.; Helbling, D. E.; Houtz, E. F. Environmental Source Tracking of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances within a Forensic Context: Current and Future Techniques. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2021, 55 (11), 7237–7245. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c08506.

Nickerson, A.; Rodowa, A. E.; Adamson, D. T.; Field, J. A.; Kulkarni, P. R.; Kornuc, J. J.; Higgins, C. P. Spatial Trends of Anionic, Zwitterionic, and Cationic PFASs at an AFFF-Impacted Site. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2021, 55 (1), 313–323. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c04473.

Silva, J. A. K.; Martin, W. A.; McCray, J. E. Air-Water Interfacial Adsorption Coefficients for PFAS When Present as a Multi-Component Mixture. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 2021, 236, 103731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2020.103731.

Liu, C. J.; Strathmann, T. J.; Bellona, C. Rejection of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Aqueous Film-Forming Foam by High-Pressure Membranes. Water Research 2021, 188, 116546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.116546.

Ali, A. M.; Higgins, C. P.; Alarif, W. M.; Al-Lihaibi, S. S.; Ghandourah, M.; Kallenborn, R. Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Contaminated Coastal Marine Waters of the Saudi Arabian Red Sea: A Baseline Study. Environ Sci Pollut Res 2021, 28 (3), 2791–2803. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09897-5.

2020

Yu, J.; Nickerson, A.; Li, Y.; Fang, Y.; Strathmann, T. J. Fate of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) during Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Sludge. Environmental Science: Water Research and Technology 2020, 6: 1388-1399. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9EW01139K.

Nguyen, T. M. H.; Bräunig, J.; Thompson, K.; Thompson, J.; Kabiri, S.; Navarro, D. A.; Kookana, R. S.; Grimison, C.; Barnes, C. M.; Higgins, C. P.; McLaughlin, M. J.; Mueller, J. F. Influences of Chemical Properties, Soil Properties, and Solution pH on Soil–Water Partitioning Coefficients of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs). Environ. Sci. Technol. 2020, 54 (24), 15883–15892. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c05705.

Adamson, D. T.; Nickerson, A.; Kulkarni, P. R.; Higgins, C. P.; Popovic, J.; Field, J.; Rodowa, A.; Newell, C.; DeBlanc, P.; Kornuc, J. J. Mass-Based, Field-Scale Demonstration of PFAS Retention within AFFF-Associated Source Areas. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2020, 54 (24), 15768–15777. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c04472.

2019

García, R. A.; Chiaia-Hernández, A. C.; Lara-Martin, P. A.; Loos, M.; Hollender, J.; Oetjen, K.; Higgins, C. P.; Field, J. A. Suspect Screening of Hydrocarbon Surfactants in AFFFs and AFFF-Contaminated Groundwater by High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Environ Sci Technol 2019, 53 (14), 8068–8077. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b01895.

Siriwardena, D.P.; Crimi, M.; Holsen, T.M.; Bellona, C.; Divine, C.; Dickenson, E. Influence of Groundwater Conditions and Co-contaminants on Sorption of Perfluoroalkyl Compounds on Granular Activated Carbon. Remediation Journal 2019, 29: 5-15. https://doi.org/10.1002/rem.21603

Siriwardena, D.P.; Crimi, M.; Holsen, T.M.; Bellona, C.; Divine, C.; Dickenson, E. Changes in Adsorption Behavior of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorohexanesulfonic Acid Through Chemically-Facilitated Surface Modification of Granular Activated Carbon. Environmental Engineering Science 2019, Vol. 36, No. 4. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330028602_Changes_in_Adsorption_Behavior_of_Perfluorooctanoic_Acid_and_Perfluorohexanesulfonic_Acid_Through_Chemically-Facilitated_Surface_Modification_of_Granular_Activated_Carbon

Silva, J. A. K.; Martin, W. A.; Johnson, J. L.; McCray, J. E. Evaluating Air-Water and NAPL-Water Interfacial Adsorption and Retention of Perfluorocarboxylic Acids within the Vadose Zone. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 2019, 223, 103472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2019.03.004.

Siriwardena, D. P.; Crimi, M.; Holsen, T. M.; Bellona, C.; Divine, C.; Dickenson, E. Influence of Groundwater Conditions and Co-Contaminants on Sorption of Perfluoroalkyl Compounds on Granular Activated Carbon. Remediation Journal 2019, 29 (3), 5–15. https://doi.org/10.1002/rem.21603.

2018

Schaefer, C. E.; Choyke, S.; Ferguson, P. L.; Andaya, C.; Burant, A.; Maizel, A.; Strathmann, T. J.; Higgins, C. P. Electrochemical Transformations of Perfluoroalkyl Acid (PFAA) Precursors and PFAAs in Groundwater Impacted with Aqueous Film Forming Foams. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2018, 52 (18), 10689–10697. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b02726.

2017

Barzen-Hanson, K. A.; Roberts, S. C.; Choyke, S.; Oetjen, K.; McAlees, A.; Riddell, N.; McCrindle, R.; Ferguson, P. L.; Higgins, C. P.; Field, J. A. Discovery of 40 Classes of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Historical Aqueous Film-Forming Foams (AFFFs) and AFFF-Impacted Groundwater. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2017, 51 (4), 2047–2057. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b05843.

Higgins, D. C.; Deeb, D. R.; Conder, D. J. FAQs Regarding PFASs Associated with AFFF Use at U.S. Military Sites. SERDP-ESTCP 2017. https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/AD1044126.pdf.

2015

Rich, C. D.; Blaine, A. C.; Hundal, L. S.; Higgins, C. P. Bioaccumulation of Perfluoroalkyl Acids by Earthworms (Eisenia feotida) from Contaminated Soils. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2015, 49 (2): 881–888. https://doi.org/10.1021/es504152d.

2014

McGuire. M. E.; Schaefer, C.; Richards, T.; Backe, W.; Field, J. A.; Houtz, E.; Sedlak, D.; Guelfo, J. L.; Wunsch, A.; Higgins, C. P. Evidence of Remediation-Induced Alteration of Subsurface Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substance (PFAS) Distribution at a Former Firefighter Training Area. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2014, 48(12): 6644-6652. https://doi.org/10.1021/es5006187.

2013

Blaine, A. C.; Rich, C. D.; Kudryk, L. B.; Hundal. L. S.; Lau, C.; Mills. M. A.; Harris, K. M.; Higgins, C.P. Uptake of Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances Into Crops via Land Applied Biosolids: Field and Greenhouse Studies. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2013, 47(24): 14062-14069. https://doi.org/10.1021/es403094q.

Houtz, E. F.; Higgins, C. P.; Field, J. A.; Sedlak, D. L. Persistence of Perfluoroalkyl Acid Precursors in AFFF-Impacted Groundwater and Soil. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2013, 47 (15), 8187−8195. https://doi.org/10.1021/es4018877.

Guelfo, J. L.; Higgins, C. P. Subsurface Transport Potential of Perfluoroalkyl Acids at Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF)-Impacted Sites. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2013, 47 (9):4164–4171. https://doi.org/10.1021/es3048043.

2012

Liu, C. S.; Higgins, C. P.; Wang, F. Shih, K. Effect of Temperature on Oxidative Transformation of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) by Persulfate Activation in Water. Separation and Purification Technology 2012, 91: 46-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2011.09.047.

2011

Sepulvado, J. G.; Blaine, A. C.; Hundal, L. S.; Higgins, C. P. Occurrence and Fate of Perfluorochemicals in Soil Following the Land Application of Municipal Biosolids. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2011, 45(19):8106-8112. https://doi.org/10.1021/es103903d.

Treatment Technologies

2025

Dooley, M. R. and Vyas, S. “Role of explicit solvation and level of theory in predicting the aqueous reduction potential of carbonate radical anion by DFT,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2025, 27, 6867-6874. https://doi.org/10.1039/D4CP04487H

Ellis, A. C.; Boyer, T. H.; Strathmann, T. J. Regeneration of Conventional and Emerging PFAS-Selective Anion Exchange Resins Used to Treat PFAS-Contaminated. Waters. Separation and Purification Technology 2025, 355 Part B: 129789. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2024.129789.

2024

Stults, J.; Singha, K.; Illangasekare, T.; Higgins, C. P. Non-Fickian Transport Processes Accelerate the Movement of PFOS in Unsaturated Media: An Experimental and Modeling Study. In Press. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104424.

Pritchard. J. C.; Hawkins, K. M.; Cho, Y-M.; Spahr, S.; Higgins, C. P.; Luthy, R. G. Flow Rate and Kinetics of Trace Organic Contaminants Removal in Black Carbon-Amended Engineered Media Filters for Improved Stormwater Runoff Treatment. In Press. Water Research, 121811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.121811.

Gamlin, J.; Newell, C. J.; Holton, C.; Kulkarni, P. R.; Skaggs, J.; Adamson, D. T.; Blotevogel, J.; Higgins C. P. Data Evaluation Framework for Refining PFAS Conceptual Site Models. In Press. Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation. https://doi.org/10.1111/gwmr.12666

Griffin, A. M.; Bellona, C.; Strathmann, T. J. Rejection of PFAS and Priority Co-Contaminants in Semiconductor Fabrication Wastewater by Nanofiltration Membranes. Water Research 2024, 262: 122111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122111.

Austin, C.; Purohit, A.; Thomsen, C.; Pinkard, B.; Strathmann, T. J.; Novosselov, I. Hydrothermal Destruction and Defluorination of Trifluoroacetic Acid (TFA). Environ. Sci. Technol. 2024, 58: 8076-8085. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c09404.

Amador, C.; Vyas, S.; Strathmann, T. J. Kinetic Modal for Predicting Perfluoroalkyl Acid Degradation during UV-Sulfite Treatment. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2024, 58: 6425-6434. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c10584.

Shih, C. H.; Kim, J.; Yang, S. H.; Soker, O.; Strathmann, T. J.; Chu, K. H. Remediation of PFAS-Impacted Soils using Magnetic Activated Carbon (MAC) and Hydrothermal Alkaline Treatment (HALT). Science of the Total Environment 2024, 912: 168931. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168931.

Wanzek, T.; Hawley, E.; Merrill, J.; Deeb, R.; Sedlak, D.; Field, J. A.; Higgins, C. P. A Multiple Lines of Evidence Approach to Demonstrate Effectiveness of PFAS Remediation Technologies. Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation 2024. https://doi.org/10.1111/gwmr.12657.

Zhang, C.; Hao, S.; Gonda, N.; Zhi, Y.; Strathmann, T. J.; Schaefer, C. E.; Higgins, C. P. Quantification of Long–Chain, Short–Chain, and Ultrashort–Chain Liquid Chromatography–Amenable PFASs in Water: Evaluation of Approaches and Tradeoffs for AFFF–Impacted Water. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2024, 133591. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133591.

Smith, S. J.; Lauria, M.; Higgins, C. P.; Pennell, K. D.; Blotevogel, J.; Arp, H. P. The Need to Include a Fluorine Mass Balance in the Development of Effective Technologies for PFAS Destruction. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2024, 58(6):2587–2590. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c10617.

2023

Safulko, A.; Cath, T. Y.; Li, F.; Tajdini, B.; Boyd, M.; Huehmer, R. P.; Bellona, C. Rejection of Perfluoroalkyl Acids by Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis in a High-Recovery Closed-Circuit Membrane Filtration System. Separation and Purification Technology 2023, 326: 124867. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2023.124867.

Tajdini, B.; Vatankhah, H.; Murray, C.C.; Liethen, A.; Bellona, C. Impact of Effluent Organic Matter on Perfluoroalkyl Acid Removal from Wastewater Effluent by Granular Activated Carbon and Alternative Adsorbents. Water Research 2023, 241: 120105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2023.120105.

Quinnan, J.; Reid, T.; Pulikkal, V.; Bellona, C. Treatment of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Groundwater Using a Carbon-Based Micro-Adsorbent and Ceramic Membrane Filtration. Remediation Journal 2023, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1002/rem.21763.

Ellis, A. C.; Boyer, T. H.; Fang, Y.; Liu, C. J.; Strathmann, T. J. Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Cost Analysis of Anion Exchange and Granular Activated Carbon Systems for Remediation of Groundwater Contaminated by Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs). Water Research 2023, 243: 120324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2023.120324.

Liu, J.; Edwards, E.; Van Hamme, J.; Manefield, M.; Higgins, C. P.; Blotevogel. J.; Liu, J.; Lee, L. S. Correspondence on “Defluorination of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) by Acidimicrobium sp. Strain A6”. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2023, 57(48): 20440–20442. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c06681.

Hao, S.; Reardon, P.; Choi, Y. J.; Zhang, C.; Sanchez, J.; Higgins, C. P.; Strathmann, T. J. Hydrothermal Alkaline Treatment (HALT) of Foam Fractionation Concentrate Derived from PFAS-Contaminated Groundwater. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2023, 57 (44):17154–17165. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c05140.

Pritchard, J. C.; Cho, Y. M.; Hawkins, K. M.; Spahr, S.; Higgins, C. P.; Luthy, R. G. Predicting PFAS and Hydrophilic Trace Organic Contaminant Transport in Black Carbon-Amended Engineered Media Filters for Improved Stormwater Runoff Treatment. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2023, 57 (38): 14417–14428. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c01260.

Joseph, N. T.; Schwichtenberg, T.; Cao, D.; Jones, G. D.; Rodowa, A. E.; Barlaz, M. A.; Charbonnet, J. A.; Higgins, C. P.; Field, J. A.; Helbling, D. E. Target and Suspect Screening Integrated with Machine Learning to Discover Per-and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Source Fingerprints. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2023, 57(38):14351–14362. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c03770.

Gorji, S. G.; Hawker, D. W.; Mackie, R.; Higgins, C. P.; Bowles, K.; Li, Y.; Kaserzon, S. Sorption Affinity and Mechanisms of Per-and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) with Commercial Sorbents: Implications for Passive Sampling. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2023, 457, 131688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131688.

Murray, C. C.; Safulko, A.; Vatankhah, H.; Liu, C. J.; Tajdini, B.; Marshall, R. E.; Bellona, C. PFAS Adsorbent Selection: The Role of Adsorbent Use Rate, Water Quality, and Cost. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2023, 454, 131481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131481.

Amador, C. K.; Cavalli, H.; Tenorio, R.; Tetu, H.; Higgins, C. P.; Vyas, S.; Strathmann, T. J. Influence of Carbonate Speciation on Hydrated Electron Treatment Processes. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2023, 57(20): 7849–7857. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c09451.

Soker, O.; Hao, S.; Trewyn, B. G.; Higgins, C. P.; Strathmann, T. J. Application of Hydrothermal Alkaline Treatment to Spent Granular Activated Carbon: Destruction of Adsorbed PFASs and Adsorbent Regeneration. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. 2023, 10 (5), 425–430. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.3c00161

Pritchard, J. C.; Hawkins, K. M.; Cho, Y.-M.; Spahr, S.; Struck, S. D.; Higgins, C. P.; Luthy, R. G. Black Carbon-Amended Engineered Media Filters for Improved Treatment of Stormwater Runoff. ACS Environ. Au 2023, 3 (1), 34–46. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenvironau.2c00037.

Amador, C. K.; Van Hoomissen, D. J.; Liu, J.; Strathmann, T. J.; Vyas, S. Ultra-Short Chain Fluorocarboxylates Exhibit Wide Ranging Reactivity with Hydrated Electrons. Chemosphere 2023, 311, 136918. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136918.

Grimison, C. The Efficacy of Soil Washing for the Remediation of Per-and Poly-Fluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in the Field. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2023, 445 (130441). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130441.

2022

Liu, C. J.; Murray, C. C.; Marshall, R. E.; Strathmann, T. J.; Bellona, C. Removal of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances from Contaminated Groundwater by Granular Activated Carbon and Anion Exchange Resins: A Pilot-Scale Comparative Assessment. Environmental Science: Water Research and Technology 2022, 8 (10): 2245-2253. https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ew00080f.

Etz, B. D.; Mifkovic, M.; Vyas, S.; Shukla, M. K. High-Temperature Decomposition Chemistry of Trimethylsiloxane Surfactants, a Potential Fluorine–Free Replacement for Fire Suppression. Chemosphere 2022, 308, 136351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136351.

Cook, E. K.; Olivares, C. I.; Antell, E. H.; Yi, S.; Nickerson, A.; Choi, Y. J.; Higgins, C. P.; Sedlak, D. L.; Alvarez-Cohen, L. Biological and Chemical Transformation of the Six-Carbon Polyfluoroalkyl Substance N-Dimethyl Ammonio Propyl Perfluorohexane Sulfonamide (AmPr-FHxSA). Environ. Sci. Technol. 2022, 56 (22), 15478–15488. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c00261.

Tenorio, R.; Maizel, A. C.; Schaefer, C. E.; Higgins, C. P.; Strathmann, T. J. Application of High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry to Evaluate UV-Sulfite-Induced Transformations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF). Environ. Sci. Technol. 2022, 56 (20), 14774–14787. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c03228.

Carre-Burritt, A.; Amador, C.; Vyas, S. Aqueous PFCA Destruction by Hydroxyl Radical at Low pH: A Putative H-Atom Abstraction Mechanism. 2022. https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv-2022-64bzw.

Ellis, A. C.; Liu, C. J.; Fang, Y.; Boyer, T. H.; Schaefer, C. E.; Higgins, C. P.; Strathmann, T. J. Pilot Study Comparison of Regenerable and Emerging Single-Use Anion Exchange Resins for Treatment of Groundwater Contaminated by per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs). Water Research 2022, 223, 119019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.119019.

Mifkovic, M.; Pauling, J.; Vyas, S. Computational Protocol for Predicting 19 F NMR Chemical Shifts for PFAS and Connection to PFAS Structure. J Comput Chem 2022, 43 (20), 1355–1361. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcc.26939.

Stults, J. F.; Choi, Y. J.; Schaefer, C. E.; Illangasekare, T. H.; Higgins, C. P. Estimation of Transport Parameters of Perfluoroalkyl Acids (PFAAs) in Unsaturated Porous Media: Critical Experimental and Modeling Improvements. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2022, 56 (12), 7963–7975. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c00819.

Charbonnet, J. A.; McDonough, C. A.; Xiao, F.; Schwichtenberg, T.; Cao, D.; Kaserzon, S.; Thomas, K. V.; Dewapriya, P.; Place, B. J.; Schymanski, E. L.; Field, J. A.; Helbling, D. E.; Higgins, C. P. Communicating Confidence of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Identification via High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. 2022, 9 (6), 473–481. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.2c00206.

Choi, Y. J.; Helbling, D. E.; Liu, J.; Olivares, C. I.; Higgins, C. P. Microbial Biotransformation of Aqueous Film-Forming Foam Derived Polyfluoroalkyl Substances. Science of The Total Environment 2022, 824, 153711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153711.

McDonough, J. T.; Kirby, J.; Bellona, C.; Quinnan, J. A.; Welty, N.; Follin, J.; Liberty, K. Validation of Supercritical Water Oxidation to Destroy Perfluoroalkyl Acids. Remediation Journal 2022, 32 (1-2), 75-90. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/rem.21711

Young, R. B.; Pica, N. E.; Sharifan, H.; Chen, H.; Roth, R.K.; Blakney, G. T.; Borch, T.; Higgins, C. P.; Kornuc, J. J.; McKenna, A. M.; Blotevogel, J. PFAS Analysis with Ultrahigh Resolution 21T FT-ICR MS: Suspect and Nontargeted Screening with Unrivaled Mass Resolving Power and Accuracy. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2022, 56, 4, 2455-2465. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c08143

Hao, S.; Choi, Y. J.; Deeb, R. A.; Strathmann, T. J.; Higgins, C. P. Application of Hydrothermal Alkaline Treatment for Destruction of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Contaminated Groundwater and Soil. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2022, 56 (10), 6647–6657. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c00654

Olivares, C. I.; Yi, S.; Cook, E. K.; Choi, Y. J.; Montagnolli, R.; Byrne, A.; Higgins, C. P.; Sedlak, D. L.; Alvarez-Cohen, L. Aerobic BTEX Biodegradation Increases Yield of Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids from Biotransformation of a Polyfluoroalkyl Surfactant, 6:2 FtTAoS. Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts 2022, 24 (3), 439–446. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1EM00494H.

Carre-Burritt, A. E.; Van Hoomissen, D. J.; Vyas, S. Role of Explicit Hydration in Predicting the Aqueous Standard Reduction Potential of Sulfate Radical Anion by DFT and Insight into the Influence of pH on the Reduction Potential. J. Phys. Chem. A 2022, 126 (8), 1422–1428. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.1c09459.

Kempisty, D. M.; Arevalo, E.; Spinelli, A. M.; Edeback, V.; Dickenson, E. R. V.; Husted, C.; Higgins, C. P.; Summers, R. S.; Knappe, D. R. U. Granular Activated Carbon Adsorption of Perfluoroalkyl Acids from Ground and Surface Water. AWWA Water Science 2022, 4 (1), e1269. https://doi.org/10.1002/aws2.1269.

2021

Deeb, R. A.; Hawley, E. L.; Merrill, J.; Kavanaugh, M. C.; Sedlack, D.; Higgins, C.; Field, J. Lines of Evidence to Assess the Effectiveness of PFAS Remedial Technologies. SERDP-ESTCP 2021, ER18-1633. https://serdp-estcp.mil/projects/details/83fb3044-b290-4859-b4aa-458a5baff501.

Pinkard, B.R.; Shetty, S.; Stritzinger, D.; Bellona, C.; Novosselov, I.V. Destruction of Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) in a Batch Supercritical Water Oxidation Reactor 2021, Chemosphere 279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130834.

Murray, C. C.; Marshall, R. E.; Liu, C. J.; Vatankhah, H.; Bellona, C. L. PFAS Treatment with Granular Activated Carbon and Ion Exchange Resin: Comparing Chain Length, Empty Bed Contact Time, and Cost. Journal of Water Process Engineering 2021, 44, 102342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.102342.

Liu, C. J.; McKay, G.; Jiang, D.; Tenorio, R.; Cath, J. T.; Amador, C.; Murray, C. C.; Brown, J. B.; Wright, H. B.; Schaefer, C.; Higgins, C. P.; Bellona, C.; Strathmann, T. J. Pilot-Scale Field Demonstration of a Hybrid Nanofiltration and UV-Sulfite Treatment Train for Groundwater Contaminated by per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs). Water Research 2021, 205, 117677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2021.117677.

Stults, J.; Illangasekare, T.; Higgins, C. P. The Mass Transfer Index (MTI): A Semi-Empirical Approach for Quantifying Transport of Solutes in Variably Saturated Porous Media. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 2021, 242, 103842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103842.

Kugler, A.; Dong, H.; Li, C.; Gu, C.; Schaefer, C. E.; Choi, Y. J.; Tran, D.; Spraul, M.; Higgins, C. P. Reductive Defluorination of Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid (PFOS) by Hydrated Electrons Generated upon UV Irradiation of 3-Indole-Acetic-Acid in 12-Aminolauric-Modified Montmorillonite. Water Research 2021, 200, 117221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2021.117221.

Boyer, T. H.; Fang, Y.; Ellis, A.; Dietz, R.; Choi, Y. J.; Schaefer, C. E.; Higgins, C. P.; Strathmann, T. J. Anion Exchange Resin Removal of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) from Impacted Water: A Critical Review. Water Research 2021, 200, 117244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2021.117244.

Carre-Burritt, A. E.; Van Hoomissen, D. J.; Vyas, S. Role of pH in the Transformation of Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids by Activated Persulfate: Implications from the Determination of Absolute Electron-Transfer Rates and Chemical Computations. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2021, 55 (13), 8928–8936. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c02389.

Fang, Y.; Ellis, A.; Choi, Y. J.; Boyer, T. H.; Higgins, C. P.; Schaefer, C. E.; Strathmann, T. J. Removal of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF) Using Ion-Exchange and Nonionic Resins. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2021, 55 (8), 5001–5011. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c00769.

Hao, S.; Choi, Y. J.; Wu, B.; Higgins, C. P.; Deeb, R.; Strathmann, T. J. Hydrothermal Alkaline Treatment for Destruction of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Aqueous Film-Forming Foam. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2021, 55 (5), 3283–3295. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c06906.

Getzinger, G. J.; Higgins, C. P.; Ferguson, P. L. Structure Database and In Silico Spectral Library for Comprehensive Suspect Screening of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Environmental Media by High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 2021, 93 (5), 2820–2827. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04109.

Schaefer, C. E.; Nguyen, D.; Christie, E.; Shea, S.; Higgins, C. P.; Field, J. A. Desorption of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances from Soil Historically Impacted with Aqueous Film-Forming Foam. Journal of Environmental Engineering 2021, 147 (2), 06020006. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0001846.

Tow, E. W.; Ersan, M. S.; Kum, S.; Lee, T.; Speth, T. F.; Owen, C.; Bellona, C.; Nadagouda, M. N.; Mikelonis, A. M.; Westerhoff, P.; Mysore, C.; Frenkel, V. S.; deSilva, V.; Walker, W. S.; Safulko, A. K.; Ladner, D. A. Managing and Treating Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Membrane Concentrates. AWWA Water Science 2021, 3 (5), e1233. https://doi.org/10.1002/aws2.1233.

2020

Guelfo, J. L.; Wunsch, A.; McCray, J.; Stults, J. F.; Higgins, C. P. Subsurface Transport Potential of Perfluoroalkyl Acids (PFAAs): Column Experiments and Modeling. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 2020, 233, 103661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2020.103661.

Tenorio, R.; Liu, J.; Xiao, X.; Maizel, A.; Higgins, C. P.; Schaefer, C. E.; Strathmann, T. J. Destruction of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF) with UV-Sulfite Photoreductive Treatment. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2020, 54 (11), 6957–6967. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c00961.

Nickerson, A.; Maizel, A. C.; Kulkarni, P. R.; Adamson, D. T.; Kornuc, J. J.; Higgins, C. P. Enhanced Extraction of AFFF-Associated PFASs from Source Zone Soils. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2020, 54 (8), 4952–4962. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c00792.

Strathmann, T.; Higgins, C. P. Hydrothermal Technologies for On-Site Destruction of Site Investigation Wastes Impacted with Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS). Environmental Science 2020, ER18-1501. https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/trecms/pdf/AD1134351.pdf

Schaefer, C. E.; Tran, D.; Fang, Y.; Choi, Y. J.; Higgins, C. P.; Strathmann, T. J. Electrochemical Treatment of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Brines. Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology 2020, 6: 2704-2712. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0EW00377H.

Silva, J. A. K.; Simunek, J.; McCray, J. E. A Modified HYDRUS Model for Simulating PFAS Transport in the Vadose Zone. Water 2020, 12 (10) 2758. https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/10/2758.

2019

Murray, C.C.; Vatankhah, H.; McDonough, C.A.; Nickerson, A.; Hedkte, T.; Cath, T.; Higgins, C.P.; Bellona, C. Removal of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances using Super-Fine Powdered Activated Carbon and Ceramic Membrane Filtration. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2019, 366: 160-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.11.050.

Liu, C.J.; Warner, D.; Bellona, C. Removal of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) from Contaminated Groundwater using Granular Activated Carbon: A Pilot-Scale Study with Breakthrough Modeling. Environmental Science: Water Research and Technology 2019, 5: 1844-1853. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9EW00349E

Schaefer, C. E.; Drennan, D. M.; Tran, D. N.; Garcia, R.; Christie, E.; Higgins, C. P.; Field, J. A. Measurement of Aqueous Diffusivities for Perfluoroalkyl Acids. Journal of Environmental Engineering 2019, 145 (11), 06019006. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0001585.

Wu, B.; Hao, S.; Choi, Y. J.; Higgins, C. P.; Deeb, R.; Strathmann, T. J. Rapid Destruction and Defluorination of Perfluorooctanesulfonate by Alkaline Hydrothermal Reaction. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. 2019, 6 (10), 630–636. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.9b00506.

McDonough, C. A.; Guelfo, J. L.; Higgins, C. P. Measuring Total PFASs in Water: The Tradeoff between Selectivity and Inclusivity. Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health 2019, 7, 13–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coesh.2018.08.005.

Schaefer, C. E.; Andaya, C.; Maizel, A.; Higgins, C.P. Assessing Continued Electrochemical Treatment of Groundwater Impacted by Aqueous Film-Forming Foams. Journal of Environmental Engineering 2019, 145 (12). https://ascelibrary.org/doi/10.1061/%28ASCE%29EE.1943-7870.0001605.

2018

Ritscher, A.; Wang, Z.; Scheringer, M.; Boucher, J. M.; Ahrens, L.; Berger, U.; Bintein, S.; Bopp, S. K.; Borg, D.; Buser, A. M.; Cousins, I.; DeWitt, J.; Fletcher, T.; Green, C.; Herzke, D.; Higgins, C.; Huang, J.; Hung, H.; Knepper, T.; Lau, C. S.; Leinala, E.; Lindstrom, A. B.; Liu, J.; Miller, M.; Ohno, K.; Perkola, N.; Shi, Y.; Småstuen Haug, L.; Trier, X.; Valsecchi, S.; van der Jagt, K.; Vierke, L. Zürich Statement on Future Actions on Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs). Environmental Health Perspectives 2018, 126 (8), 084502. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP4158

Liu, J.; Van Hoomissen, D. J.; Liu, T.; Maizel, A.; Huo, X.; Fernández, S. R.; Ren, C.; Xiao, X.; Fang, Y.; Schaefer, C. E.; Higgins, C. P.; Vyas, S.; Strathmann, T. J. Reductive Defluorination of Branched Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances with Cobalt Complex Catalysts. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. 2018, 5 (5), 289–294. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00122

2017

Stratton G. R.; Dai F.; Bellona C.; Holsen T. M.; Dickenson E. R. V.; Mededovic Thagard, S. Plasma-Based Water Treatment: Efficient Transformation of Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Prepared Solutions and Contaminated Groundwater. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2017, 51: 1643-1648. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b04215

Van Hoomissen, D. J.; Vyas, S. 1,2-Fluorine Radical Rearrangements: Isomerization Events in Perfluorinated Radicals. J Phys Chem A 2017, 121 (45), 8675–8687. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.7b08895.

Motz, A. R.; Herring, A. M.; Vyas, S.; Maupin, C. M. Quantum-Mechanical Study of the Reaction Mechanism for 2π–2π Cycloaddition of Fluorinated Methylene Groups. J. Org. Chem. 2017, 82 (13), 6578–6585. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.7b00597.

Xiao, X.; Ulrich, B. A.; Chen, B.; Higgins, C. P. Sorption of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) Relevant to Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF)-Impacted Groundwater by Biochars and Activated Carbon. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2017, 51 (11), 6342–6351. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b00970.

Schaefer, C. E.; Andaya, C.; Burant, A.; Condee, C. W.; Urtiaga, A.; Strathmann, T. J.; Higgins, C. P. Electrochemical Treatment of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate: Insights into Mechanisms and Application to Groundwater Treatment. Chemical Engineering Journal 2017, 317, 424–432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2017.02.107.

2016

McKenzie, E. R.; Siegrist, R. L.; McCray, J. E.; Higgins, C. P. The Influence of a Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid (NAPL) and Chemical Oxidant Application on Perfluoroalkyl Acid (PFAA) Fate and Transport. Water Research 2016, 92: 199-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.01.025.

Weathers, T. S.; Harding-Marjanovic, K.; Higgins, C. P.; Alvarez-Cohen, L.; Sharp, J. O. Perfluoroalkyl Acids Inhibit Reductive Dechlorination of Trichloroethene by Repressing Dehalococcoides. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2016, 50 (1), 240–248. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b04854.

2015

Schaefer, C.; Andaya, C.; Urtiaga, A.; McKenzie, E. R.; Higgins, C. P. Electrochemical Treatment of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Perfluorooctane Sulfonic Acid (PFOS) in Groundwater Impacted by Aqueous Film Forming Foams (AFFFs). Journal of Hazardous Materials 2015, 295: 170–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.04.024.

Weathers, T.S.; Higgins, C.P.; Sharp, J. O. Enhanced Biofilm Production by a Toluene Degrading Rhodococcus Observed After Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Acids. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2015, 49 (9): 5458–5466. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es5060034

Reiner, J. L.; Blaine, A. C.; Higgins, C. P.; Huset, C.; Jenkins, T. M.; Kwadijk, C. J. A. F.; Muir, D. C. G.; Reagen, W. K.; Rich, C.; Small, J. M.; Strynar, M. J.; Washington, J. W.; Yoo, H.; and Keller, J. M. Polyfluorinated Substances in Abiotic Standard Reference Materials. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 2015, 407: 2975-2983. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00216-013-7330-2

McKenzie, E. R.; Siegrist, R. L.; McCray, J. E; Higgins, C. P. Effects of Chemical Oxidants on Perfluoroalkyl Acid (PFAA) Transport in 1-D Porous Media Columns. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2015, 49 (3): 1681–1689. https://doi.org/10.1021/es503676p.

Appleman, T.; Dickenson, E. R. V.; Bellona, C.; Higgins, C. P. Nanofiltration and Granular Activated Carbon Treatment of Perfluoroalkyl Acids. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2013, 260: 740-746. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.06.033.

Publications Associated with Principal Investigators at Mines Prior to Affiliation with Mines

2007

Higgins, C. P.; McLeod, P. B.; MacManus-Spencer, L. A.; Luthy, R. G. Bioaccumulation of Perfluorochemicals in Sediments by the Aquatic Oligochaete, Lumbriculus variegatus. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2007, 41 (13): 4600-4606. https://doi.org/10.1021/es062792o.

Higgins, C. P.; Luthy, R. G. Modeling Surfactant Sorption onto Sediment Materials: An a priori Approach for Perfluorochemical Surfactants and Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonates. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2007, 41 (9): 3254-3261 and addendum 41 (17): 6316. https://doi.org/10.1021/es062449j and https://doi.org/10.1021/es078006c.

2006

Higgins, C. P.; Luthy, R. G. Sorption of Perfluorinated Surfactants onto Sediments. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2006, 40 (23): 7251-7256. https://doi.org/10.1021/es061000n.

Schultz, M. M.; Higgins, C. P.; Huset, C. A.; Luthy, R. G.; Barofsky, D. F.; Field, J. A. Fluorochemical Mass Flows in a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Facility. Environ. Sci. & Technol. 2006, 40 (23): 7350-7357. https://doi.org/10.1021/es061025m.

2005

Higgins, C. P.; Field, J. A.; Criddle, C. S.; Luthy, R. G. Quantitative Determination of Perfluorochemicals in Sediments and Domestic Sludge. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39 (11): 3946-3956. https://doi.org/10.1021/es048245p.

2003

Higgins, C. P. 3M and the Withdrawal of PFOS: TSCA, Product Liability, and the Precautionary Principle. Environmental Law Reporter 2003, 33 (1): 10062-10067.